New words:

gender [ˈdʒendər] n.性别


必记高频搭配

gender equality 性别平等

We should work hard to achieve gender equality.

gender discrimination 性别歧视

Gender discrimination is not allowed in the workplace.

gender gap 性别差距

The gender gap in pay still exists in some industries.

关键使用提醒

1.区分 gender 和 sex:日常交流中两者都可表示 “性别”,但 sex 更侧重生理差异(如医学报告),gender 更侧重社会文化层面的性别认同(如性别平等)。

2.写作高频短语 gender equalitygender discrimination 可以直接套用,比如 “反对性别歧视”→ “oppose gender discrimination”


New words:

discriminatory [dɪˈskrɪmɪnəˌtɔri] adj. 区别对待的;不公正的;歧视的


Sample Sentences:

discriminatory policies/laws 歧视性政策 / 法律

The government has abolished all discriminatory laws against women.

discriminatory comments/remarks 歧视性评论 / 言论

He apologized for making discriminatory remarks about the disabled.

关键使用提醒

1.修饰对象限制:discriminatory 只能修饰事物(规则、政策、行为等),不能形容人。形容人 “有偏见的” 要用 prejudiced。

✅ 正确:discriminatory policy(歧视性政策)
❌ 错误:a discriminatory man(正确表达:a prejudiced man)

2.固定搭配注意:作表语时,需搭配介词 against,表示 “对…… 带有歧视性”

如 “be discriminatory against women”(对女性带有歧视性)。

3.初中写作高频场景:描述社会公平、反对歧视时,用 “discriminatory” 能让表达更精准

比如 “我们应该抵制歧视性的规定”→ “We should resist discriminatory rules.”

comment [ˈkɒment] n.评论;批评;议论;解释
resist [rɪˈzɪst] v.抵制;抵抗;抵挡;反抗

New words:

discriminate v.歧视;区别;区分;辨别

词源拆解:

源自拉丁语 “discriminare”(区分、辨别)
由前缀 dis-(分开) + 词根 “criminare”(评判)构成
核心语义有两个方向 ——贬义的 “不公平区别对待” 和 中性的 “区分、辨别”
日常使用中需根据语境判断。

Sample Sentences:

discriminate against sb/sth 歧视某人 / 某事

The law says we must not discriminate against people with disabilities.
It’s wrong to discriminate against anyone because of their skin color.

discriminate between sb/sth 区别对待某人 / 某事

It is hard to discriminate between these two kinds of plants.

discriminate A from B 区分 A 和 B

She can discriminate a real diamond from a fake one.

New words:

discrimination [dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n] n.歧视;识别;辨别;区别

词源拆解:

源自拉丁语 “discriminare”(意为 “区分、辨别”)
由前缀 dis-(分开) + 词根“criminare”(评判)构成。
核心语义有两个方向:一是贬义的 “不公平对待”,二是中性的 “辨别能力”
日常使用中贬义用法更常见。

discrimination against sb/sth 对某人 / 某事的歧视

We must not tolerate discrimination against people with disabilities.
我们绝不能容忍对残障人士的歧视。

racial discrimination 种族歧视

Everyone should stand up against racial discrimination.
每个人都应挺身而出反对种族歧视。

gender discrimination 性别歧视

The law forbids gender discrimination in employment.
法律禁止职场中的性别歧视。

age discrimination 年龄歧视

Many older workers are victims of age discrimination.
许多年长的劳动者是年龄歧视的受害者。

tolerate [ˈtɒləreɪt] v.容忍;忍受;容许;包容


关键使用提醒

同源动词 discriminate 是初中考点,记住 “discriminate against sb = 歧视某人”,和名词用法对应。

New words:

prejudiced [ˈpredʒədɪst] adj.有偏见的;带成见的;偏爱的;偏心的


Sample Sentences:

be prejudiced against sb/sth 对某人 / 某事有偏见

It’s unfair to be prejudiced against someone just because of their appearance.
仅仅因为外貌就对别人有偏见是不公平的。

be prejudiced about sth

She is prejudiced about cheap clothes and thinks they are bad.
她对便宜的衣服有偏见,认为它们质量不好。

a prejudiced view/opinion 带有偏见的观点

Don’t let a prejudiced view affect your judgment.
别让带有偏见的观点影响你的判断。

关键使用提醒

  1. 主语必须是人:prejudiced 只能用来形容人,不能形容事物

    比如可以说 “a prejudiced man”(一个有偏见的人)
    但不能说 “a prejudiced idea”(正确表达是 “an idea based on prejudice”)。
  2. 固定介词搭配:和 prejudiced 搭配的介词是 against 或 about,不能用 “to” 或 “for”。