New words：

lean/liːn/

v. 倾斜；倚靠；靠在… 上（最常用）
v. 倾向于；偏向
adj. 瘦的；精干的；（肉）瘦的

详细词源：

源自古英语，本义弯曲、倚靠，后引申为身体倾斜靠在某物上

必记高频搭配

lean against /on sth 倚靠在某物上

The boy leaned against the wall and waited for his friend.

lean out of the window 探出窗外

Don’t lean out of the window on the bus.

lean forward /backward 向前 / 向后倾

She leaned forward to listen to the teacher clearly.

lean meat 瘦肉

Doctors advise us to eat more lean meat.

关键使用提醒

✅ lean 含义：精瘦、肌肉紧实、没有赘肉（偏褒义，常形容男生身材干练、健美）
✅ lean 适用：形容运动型、身材挺拔结实的人

对比区分：

He's tall and thin → 单纯瘦，可能干瘪，中性偏一般
He's tall and slim → 苗条匀称，男女都能用
He's tall and lean → 男生首选，精瘦有线条，气质利落

New words：

slope [sloʊp]
n. 斜坡；坡度；山坡；斜度；坡地
v. 倾斜；有坡度

sloping ['sloʊpɪŋ] adj.倾斜的

Sample Sentences

The mountain slopes steeply on one side.
The floor of the bathroom slopes down to the drain.

It was difficult to walk up the steep slope.
It was a very old house with sloping walls.

drain [dreɪn] n. 下水道；排水管

关键使用提醒

1. slope 可数，复数：slopes
2. 描述坡度常用：gentle slope（缓坡） / steep slope（陡坡）
3. 写作 / 阅读高频，比 incline 更口语、更常用

New words：

steeply /ˈstiːpli/ adv. 陡峭地；急剧地；大幅度地
steepness /ˈstiːpnəs/ n.陡峭；险峻；（数量、价格）急剧升降

必记高频搭配

rise / fall steeply 急剧上升 / 急剧下降

Prices have risen steeply this year.

The number of wild animals has fallen steeply.

slope steeply 坡度很陡

The hill slopes steeply on both sides.

the steepness of the slope 斜坡的陡峭度

The climbers were surprised by the steepness of the slope.

the steepness of a rise /fall 涨幅 / 跌幅之大

Everyone noticed the steepness of the price increase.

slope [sloʊp] v.倾斜；

New words：

steep /stiːp/ adj.陡的；陡峭的；突然的；急剧的

详细词源拆解：

源自古英语 stēap
本义：高耸的、直立的
演变：最初形容高耸的悬崖、陡峭的山坡，后泛指角度很大、上升 / 下降很快
动词用法较少，主要作形容词

词汇家族：

steep（陡峭的）→ steeply（adv. 陡峭地）→ steepness（n. 陡峭）

必记高频搭配

a steep hill /mountain 陡峭的小山 / 山

It's not easy to climb a steep hill.

a steep slope /incline 陡峭的斜坡

They walked slowly up the steep slope.

a steep rise /drop 急剧的上升 / 下降

There was a steep rise in temperature yesterday.

slope [sloʊp] n.斜坡；坡度；坡地；山坡

关键使用提醒：

形容道路、山坡、楼梯时，steep 是高频词
描述价格、温度、数量变化时，用a steep rise/drop

New words：

recline /rɪˈklaɪn/ v. 斜倚；向后靠；躺（半躺姿势）

reclining /rɪˈklaɪnɪŋ/ adj. 可躺的，倾斜式的

详细词源拆解：

前缀 re-：向后，往回
词根 clin：弯曲，倾斜（同 decline, incline）

组合逻辑：

→ 向后弯 → 向后靠 → 躺；斜倚

必记高频搭配

recline on a sofa / chair 斜靠在沙发 / 椅子上

He likes to recline on the sofa after finishing his homework.

recline against the wall 斜靠在墙上

The tired boy reclined against the wall to have a rest.

recline comfortably 舒服地躺着

The old man often reclines comfortably in his armchair to read newspapers.

reclining chair 躺椅

He was comfortably seated in a soft reclining chair.

关键使用提醒：

recline比较正式。多出现于阅读，写作一般用 lie / lean 更自然。