New words：

kettle /ˈketl/　n. 水壶；烧水壶；电水壶
thermos /ˈθɜːməs/ n.热水瓶；保温瓶；暖水瓶；保温杯 复数形式：thermoses

详细词源拆解：

源自希腊语 therme = heat 热、温度，最初是一个品牌名，因为太常用，慢慢变成了通用名词，表示保温瓶、保温杯。

前缀 therm- 都和 “热、温度” 有关，是这个词的核心词根。

词汇家族

thermos → thermos bottle（保温瓶）
thermos → thermos flask（暖水瓶）
therm-（热）→ thermometer（温度计）
therm-（热）→ thermal（热的；保暖的）

Sample Sentences

Please boil the kettle and make a cup of tea for our guest.
My mother bought a new electric kettle to make boiling water easier.

It is very convenient to take a thermos when we go out for a picnic.
He poured a kettle of hot water into the thermos before going to school.

convenient [kənˈviniənt] adj.便利的；方便的；省事的；实用的

New words：

folk /fəʊk/
n.（复数）人们；各位；大伙儿（口语）
n.（复数）家人；亲属（美式常用）
adj. 民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的

详细词源拆解：

源自古英语 folc = people（人民、民众）
本义：普通百姓、乡民
引申：民间的、民俗的

词汇家族：

folk → folklore（民间传说；民俗）
folk → folksy（朴实的；接地气的；亲切的）
folk + song → folk song（民歌）
folk + music → folk music（民间音乐）
folk + dance → folk dance（民间舞蹈）
folk + art → folk art（民间艺术）
folk + tale → folk tale（民间故事）

必记高频搭配

folk music 民间音乐；民乐
Many young people begin to learn traditional Chinese folk music in order to spread our culture.

folk song 民歌
The teacher asked us to collect some local folk songs as part of our homework.

folk art 民间艺术
Paper cutting and shadow puppetry are famous forms of Chinese folk art.

folk story /folk tale 民间故事；神话传说
My grandmother used to tell me interesting folk tales when I was a little child.

old folk (s) 老年人；长辈
We should offer seats to the old folk on buses and subways.

关键使用提醒

1. folk 表示 “人们” 时本身就带复数含义，也可写作 folks，一般不加 -s。

   Many folk are interested in traditional festivals.
   很多人对传统节日感兴趣。

2. 初中考试最高频考点是形容词用法：folk music /folk song /folk art 几乎必考。

   She can play many pieces of beautiful folk music on the piano.
   她能用钢琴弹奏许多优美的民间乐曲。

3. folks 在口语中可亲切称呼 “大家、各位”，比较温暖礼貌。

   Welcome, my dear folks, to the music show.
   各位朋友，欢迎来到这场音乐演出。

New words：

drain [dreɪn]

v. 排干；流走；排空（液体）
v. 耗尽（精力、体力、金钱）
n. 下水道；排水管；排水口
n. 消耗；负担

详细词源拆解：

源自古法语 drainer，拉丁语 dregare
本义：使水流干、排干
引申义：耗尽精力、金钱、资源

必记高频搭配

drain 下水道
We should clean the drain regularly to stop it from blocking.

drain water /rainwater 排水；排雨水
The pipes drain rainwater away from the roof.

drain the pool /lake 排空水池 / 湖水
Workers plan to drain the swimming pool for cleaning.

drain one’s energy /strength 耗尽精力 / 体力
The long run drained all his strength.

a drain on sth 对…… 的消耗 / 负担
Too much homework is a drain on students’ time.

关键使用提醒

1. 固定搭配：drain away 流走；渐渐消失
2. be drained (of sth) 被耗尽……

He felt drained after the exam.
考试后他感觉精疲力竭。

3. 初中阅读常考：drain → 排水 / 下水道

New words：

slimness /ˈslɪmnəs/ n. 苗条；纤细；单薄
slimly /ˈslɪmli/ adv. 苗条地；纤细地；微弱地；渺茫地
slimmer /ˈslɪmə(r)/ n. 减肥者，想瘦身的人 adj. 更苗条的（slim 的比较级）

必记高频搭配

Many girls admire her slimness.
She does sports to keep her slimness.
We can only slimly hope to finish the work on time
With enough exercise, she has become slimmer and slimmer.
He has become a successful slimmer by running every day.

New words：

slim /slɪm/

adj. 苗条的；纤细的；修长的（褒义，形容身材好）
adj. 渺茫的；微小的（形容机会、希望）
v. 减肥；变苗条

详细词源拆解：

源自荷兰语 slim，原义 “狡猾、灵巧”
进入英语后词义转为：细长的、轻巧的
现代常用义：苗条的、纤细的、修长的

必记高频搭配

slim figure 苗条的身材

She has a beautiful slim figure.

stay/keep slim 保持苗条

It’s not easy to stay slim without exercise.

a slim chance 机会渺茫

We have only a slim chance of winning the game.

slim down 减肥；变瘦

Many students want to slim down before summer.

关键使用提醒

1. 形容身材 slim > thin，slim 更礼貌、更好听
2. 固定搭配：a slim hope/chance 希望渺茫
3. 比较级 / 最高级：slimmer, slimmest