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New words:

formal [ˈfɔrm(ə)l] adj. 正式的;规范的

form- 形式 + -al 形容词后缀 → “符合特定‘形式’或规则的

字面意思是 “符合特定形式或规范的”,核心语义围绕 “正式的、规范的” 展开,强调 “遵循既定规则或礼仪”。


必记搭配:

搭配 “场合 / 着装”:

formal clothes(正装)、formal meeting(正式会议)、formal event(正式活动)、formal dinner(正式晚宴)

搭配 “语言 / 流程”:

formal English(规范英语)、formal writing(正式写作)、formal process(正规流程)、formal structure(规范结构)

常用短语

in a formal way(以正式的方式)、formal education(正规教育)、formal invitation(正式邀请)

Sample Sentences:

College provides more formal education than online courses.
We need to wear formal clothes to the company’s annual dinner.


annual [ˈænjuəl] adj. 每年的;一年一次的;年度的;一年的

New words:

deform[dɪˈfɔrm] v. 使变形;使畸形

de- 否定 / 坏 + form- 形式 → “破坏原有的‘形式’,导致形状异常”

核心语义是 “使变形、使畸形”,强调 “原本正常的形状被改变,变得不规整或异常”,多带负面色彩

如 “deform a metal sheet”(使金属片变形)、“a deformed hand”(畸形的手)


必记搭配:

搭配 “物体”:

deform a plastic box(使塑料盒变形)、deform a metal sheet(使金属片变形)、deform a signboard(使招牌变形)

搭配 “生物身体部位”:

deform bones(使骨骼畸形)、deform fingers(使手指畸形)、deform a child’s face(使孩子的面部畸形)

常用短语

be deformed by(因… 而变形 / 畸形),如 “be deformed by pressure”(因压力而变形)、“be deformed by disease”(因疾病而畸形)

Sample Sentences:

His fingers were deformed by the cold when he was a child.
High temperature can deform this kind of plastic product.


New words:

transform[trænsˈfɔrm] v. 使改变形态;使改观

trans- 跨越 + form- 形式 → “跨越原有‘形式’,变成新形态

核心语义是 “彻底改变形态、性质或外观”,强调 “变化幅度大,从一种状态变成另一种状态”。


必记搭配:

核心结构

transform sth into sth(把某物变成某物),这是最常用的搭配,如 “transform water into ice”(把水变成冰)。

搭配 “事物外观 / 环境”:

transform a room(改造房间)、transform the cityscape(改变城市风貌)、transform old clothes(改造旧衣服)。

搭配 “性质 / 状态”:

transform the economy(改变经济状况)、transform one's life(改变某人的生活)、transform the education model(改变教育模式)。

Sample Sentences:

The old factory was transformed into a modern art gallery.
This app can transform your voice into different characters’ voices.


New words:

reform [rɪˈfɔrm]
n.改革;变革;改良;改善
v.改革;改进;改良;改造(行为)


由前缀 re-(重新) + 词根 form-(形状、形式)构成,字面意思是 “重新塑造(事物的)形式或结构”,核心语义围绕 “改进、优化” 展开,强调 “让原有事物变得更好”。


必记搭配:

搭配 “制度 / 政策”:

reform the tax system(税收制度改革)、reform public services(公共服务改革)、a reform of the law(法律改革)

搭配 “个人 / 习惯”:

reform one's bad habits(改掉坏习惯)、reform oneself(自我改进)、a reform of one's lifestyle(生活方式改进)

常用短语:

carry out reform(实施改革)、promote reform(推进改革)、undergo reform(经历改革)

Sample Sentences:

He wants to reform his bad habits, like staying up late.
We need to make a reform to our daily schedule to save time.
The government decided to reform the education system to help students.


horizon [həˈraɪz(ə)n] n.地平线;天边

New words:

form [fɔrm]
n.形式;方式;表格;形状;样子
v.组成;建立;组织;产生


form” 本身就是核心词根,源自拉丁语 “forma”,意为 “形状、形式”,围绕这个词根衍生的常用单词多与 “形状、结构、形成、格式” 等语义相关。


必记搭配:

名词常用搭配:

application form(申请表)、form of sth(… 的形式 / 形状)、fill in/out a form(填表格)

动词常用搭配:

form a habit(养成习惯)、form a group(组建小组)、form an opinion(形成观点)

常见短语

in the form of(以… 的形式)、take form(逐渐成形)、in form(状态良好,多用于体育场景)

Sample Sentences:

Reading is a good form of learning.
Please fill in this form before you join the club.
The building has a strange form — it looks like a ship.

Storm clouds are forming on the horizon.
She formed the idea of starting her own business.
She wants to form a study group with her classmates.


horizon [həˈraɪz(ə)n] n.地平线;天边