New words:

performance [pəˈfɔrməns] n. 表演;表现;执行

per- 完全 + form- 形式 + -ance 名词后缀 → “完全将能力以‘有形’的方式展现出来”,字面意思是 “把能力彻底以‘有形’方式展现出来”。

必记搭配:

搭配 “表演”:

music performance(音乐表演)、stage performance(舞台演出)、dance performance(舞蹈表演)、live performance(现场表演)

搭配 “表现”:

academic performance(学业表现)、work performance(工作表现)、battery performance(电池表现)、performance review(业绩评估,职场常用)

搭配 “执行”:

performance of a task(任务执行)、performance of duties(职责履行)、performance of a policy(政策执行)

Sample Sentences:

Her math performance has improved a lot this semester.
They discussed the performance of the plan at the meeting.
We watched a wonderful music performance at the theater last night.


New words:

conform [kənˈfɔrm] v. 遵守;符合;顺应

con- 共同 + form- 形式 → “与共同的‘形式’或规则保持一致”,字面意思是 “和共同的形式 / 规则保持一致”。

必记搭配:

核心搭配(不及物):“conform to sth”

conform to rules(遵守规则)、conform to standards(符合标准)、conform to customs(遵守习俗)、conform to laws(符合法律)

核心搭配(及物):“conform sth to sth”

conform sth to requirements(使某物符合要求)、conform sth to a template(使某物符合模板)、conform sth to format(使某物符合格式)

常见短语

conform with(与 “conform to” 含义基本一致,可互换,如 “conform with regulations”(遵守规定))

Sample Sentences:

All students must conform to the school rules, like not being late.
We need to conform the design to the client’s requirements before starting.


New words:

format [ˈfɔrˌmæt]
n.格式;版式;
v.格式化

form- 形式 + -at 后缀 → “数据、文件或页面的固定‘形式’”,字面意思是 “与‘形式 / 结构’相关的”。
名词如 “document format”(文档格式);动词如 “format a disk”(格式化磁盘)

必记搭配:

名词常用搭配:

file format(文件格式,如 PDF/Word)、exam format(考试格式)、page format(页面版式)、show format(节目形式)

动词常用搭配:

format a disk/USB(格式化磁盘 / U 盘)、format a document/report(调整文档 / 报告版式)、format sth into sth(将某物格式化为…)

常见短语

in…format(以… 格式),如 “save in Word format”(存为 Word 格式)

Sample Sentences:

Please save the document in PDF format.
He formatted his phone to delete all old data and start fresh.
The designer formatted the poster with big pictures and small text.


New words:

uniform [ˈjunɪˌfɔrm]
n. 制服
adj. 统一的;一致的;

uni- 单一 + form- 形式 → “只有一种‘形式’的”,形容词表 “统一的”

字面意思是 “只有一种形式 / 形状的”,核心语义围绕 “统一的、一致的” 和 “制服” 展开 —— 因为 “制服” 正是 “统一款式的服装”。

必记搭配:

形容词常用搭配:

uniform size(统一尺寸)、uniform policy(统一政策)、uniform color(均匀颜色)、be uniform in shape(形状一致)

名词常用搭配:

school uniform(校服)、police uniform(警服)、military uniform(军装)、wear a uniform(穿制服)

常见短语

in uniform(穿着制服),如 “He looks serious in uniform”(他穿制服时看起来很严肃)

Sample Sentences:

All the books on this shelf have a uniform size.
Students must wear uniform to school in many countries.


New words:

informal [ɪnˈfɔrm(ə)l] adj. 非正式的;随意的;不拘礼节的;友好随便的;

in- 否定 + formal 正式的 → “不符合严格‘形式’的”

字面意思是 “不符合特定形式或规范的”,核心语义围绕 “非正式的、随意的” 展开,强调 “不遵循严格礼仪或规则,更贴近日常状态

必记搭配:

搭配 “场合 / 着装”:

informal clothes(休闲装)、informal meeting(非正式会议)、informal party(休闲派对)、informal lunch(工作便餐)

搭配 “语言 / 交流”:

informal English(口语化英语)、informal conversation(日常聊天)、informal writing(非正式写作,如随笔)

常用短语

in an informal way(以随意的方式)、informal discussion(自由讨论)、informal relationship(非正式关系,如普通朋友)

Sample Sentences:

I prefer informal gatherings with friends, not big formal events.
In informal conversations, people often shorten words, like saying “gonna” instead of “going to”.